Ammonium Chloride
Ammonium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NH4Cl and a white crystalline salt that is highly soluble in water. Solutions of ammonium chloride are mildly acidic. The mineral is commonly formed on burning coal dumps from the condensation of coal-derived gases. It is also found around some types of volcanic vents. It is mainly used as fertilizer and a flavoring agent in some types of liquorice. It is the product from the reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia.
| Molar mass | 53.49 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | White solid, hygroscopic |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.519 g/cm3[1] |
| Melting point | 338 °C (640 °F; 611 K) decomposes, sublimes[1] |
| Boiling point | 520 °C (968 °F; 793 K) |
| Sublimes at 337.6 °C[2] ΔsublH |
|
| 244 g/L (−15 °C) 294 g/L (0 °C) 383.0 g/L (25 °C) 454.4 g/L (40 °C) 740.8 g/L (100 °C)[4] |
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Solubility product(Ksp)
|
30.9 (395 g/L)[5] |
| Solubility | Soluble in liquid ammonia, hydrazine, Slightly soluble in acetone Insoluble in diethyl ether, ethyl acetate[2] |
| Solubility in methanol | 32 g/kg (17 °C) 33.5 g/kg (19 °C) 35.4 g/kg (25 °C)[2] |
| Solubility in ethanol | 6 g/L (19 °C)[6] |
| Solubility in glycerol | 97 g/kg[2] |
| Solubility in sulfur dioxide | 0.09 g/kg (0 °C) 0.031 g/kg (25 °C)[2] |
| Solubility in acetic acid | 0.67 g/kg (16.6 °C)[2] |
| Vapor pressure | 133.3 Pa (160.4 °C)[7] 6.5 kPa (250 °C) 33.5 kPa (300 °C)[6] |
| Acidity (pKa) | 9.24 |
| -36.7·10−6 cm3/mol[8] | |
|
Refractive index(nD)
|
1.642 (20 °C)[2] |